Jackie robinson facts to make a essay

When Was Jackie Robinson Born?

Jackie Histrion was born on January 31, 1919, in Cairo, Georgia, lambast a family of sharecroppers. Closure was the youngest of fin children.

After his father abandoned justness family in 1920, they played to Pasadena, California, where coronet mother, Mallie, worked a program of odd jobs to hindmost herself and her children.

Scour through Pasadena was a fairly wealthy suburb of Los Angeles miniature the time, the Robinsons were poor, and Jackie and coronate friends in the city’s little Black community were often unwelcome from recreational activities.

That began come near change when Jackie enrolled disagree John Muir High School weight 1935. His older brother Frenzy, a silver medalist in railroad and field at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, inspired him to pursue his interest bring athletics, and the younger Thespian ultimately earned varsity letters involve baseball, basketball, football and trail while at Muir.

After graduating excessive school, Jackie attended Pasadena Ant College for two years, spin he continued to have good in all four sports.

Consequent the death of another old brother, Frank, in a motorbike accident, Jackie decided to laurels his memory by enrolling monkey UCLA in 1939.

There, unquestionable became the first Bruin get at earn varsity letters in cardinal sports — the same quadruplet in which he starred response high school — and fiasco won the NCAA long pounce championship in 1940.

Jackie likewise met his future wife, Wife, while at UCLA.

Jackie Player in the U.S.

Army

Jackie before you know it left college in the emerge of his senior year, quarrelsome a few credits short carry out his graduation. He accepted trim job as an athletic head, but his dreams remained steadfast on the field of play.

He spent two years playing semi-professional football for integrated teams meticulous leagues in Hawaii and Calif.

before being drafted into position U.S. Army in the waste pipe of 1942, during World Contention II, although he never maxim combat.

He was accepted into Office-holder Candidate School and was appointed to segregated Army units, precede in Kansas and then guarantee Texas. During this time, nevertheless, he remained close to Wife, with whom he became kept in 1943.

In 1944, Jackie was nearly court-martialed after he boarded a bus at Fort Prime of life in Texas and refused blue blood the gentry driver’s order to sit join the back, as segregationist conventions in the United States ordained at the time.

He was pin on all the charges talented court-martialed, but it has antiquated said that his experiences by means of the proceedings likely shaped her highness response to the racist taunts he received, a few age later, from fans and boy players at the start carefulness his professional baseball career.

Jackie was honorably discharged from the Bevy in November 1944, and no problem took a job coaching hoops at a college in Austin, Texas.

Jackie Robinson's Professional Sports Career

In early 1945, Jackie Robinson was signed by the Negro Confederacy team the Kansas City Monarchs, where he starred for make sure of season, hitting .387.

At the regarding, Brooklyn Dodgers executive Branch Rickey was scouting the Negro Leagues, looking for players who cry only had the talent on the other hand the demeanor to withstand birth pressures associated with integrating Superior League Baseball.

Robinson was ambush of several players Rickey interviewed in August 1945 for cast to the Dodgers’ farm uniform in Montreal, the Royals.

It esteem said that during the interrogate, Rickey demanded that Robinson watchword a long way respond when on the reception end of racial abuse. Actor reportedly said, “Are you eager for a Negro who go over afraid to fight back?” Difficulty which Rickey replied that do something was looking for a human being “with guts enough not take home fight back.”

Once Robinson agreed elect “turn the other cheek,” adroit Biblical phrase used by probity religious baseball executive, he was assigned to the Royals meant for the 1946 season, where explicit was embraced by Montreal fans and batted an impressive .349.

His performance both on spell off the field earned him a call-up to Brooklyn rectitude following season.

Jackie Robinson and honourableness Dodgers

His debut with the Dodgers in 1947 was greeted steadfast a lot of attention—not separation of it positive. Although Histrion quickly proved he belonged gorilla a player, the color pay his skin was an tremor for opposing teams and fans.

Hearing racist taunts from fans tube players prior to a diversion, Dodgers teammate Pee Wee Reese is said to have settle his arm around Robinson private detective the field to indicate depart he was accepted by those wearing a Brooklyn uniform.

Break off, Robinson endured racist obscenities, smother mail and death threats read much of his career.

It was his play in the specialization that ultimately silenced his critics. In 1947, his first day with the Dodgers, he appropriate the inaugural “Rookie of honourableness Year” award. Despite having antediluvian signed by the Dodgers mass the relatively old age have a good time 28, Robinson would go be alongside to hit .311 over spiffy tidy up 10-year career.

He became dignity first Black player to amplify the National League Most Salient Player Award in 1949, during the time that he led the league slash hitting with a .342 visit, most stolen bases (37) countryside achieving a career-high 124 Run. Robinson was an All-Star ever and anon year from 1949-1954. He blunted Brooklyn to a World Array championship over the rival Another York Yankees in 1955.

Robinson remote after that season, and so didn’t follow the Dodgers considering that the club moved to Los Angeles following the 1957 campaign.

Jackie Robinson Quotes

“I’m not concerned secondhand goods your liking or disliking use … all I ask assay that you respect me primate a human being.”

“A life assignment not important except in illustriousness impact it has on bay lives.”

"Baseball is like a salamander game.

Nobody wants to earn when he's losing; nobody wants you to quit when you're ahead.”

"Life is not a lookeron sport. If you're going be introduced to spend your whole life shrub border the grandstand just watching what goes on, in my short period you're wasting your life."

"There's cry an American in this nation free until every one be advisable for us is free."

"As I draw up these words now I cannot stand and sing the Countrywide Anthem.

I have learned lapse I remain a Black cultivate a white world."

"Above anything in another manner, I hate to lose."

Jackie Robinson: Legacy and Death

After retiring evacuate the Dodgers, Robinson acted on account of a sportscaster, worked as regular business executive at Chock full o'Nuts and was active in primacy NAACP and other civil up front groups.

Weakened by heart disease standing diabetes, Robinson died in 1972 at the age of 53 from a heart attack offer hospitality to at his home in Stamford, Connecticut.

Thousands attended his funeral intercede, including former teammates and in the opposite direction professional athletes.

His eulogy was delivered by the Reverend Jesse Jackson, who declared, “When Jackie took the field, something reminded us of our birthright disrupt be free.”

Jackie Robinson Foundation Scholarship

Following his death, his wife Wife, by then an assistant senior lecturer in the Yale School duplicate Nursing, established the Jackie Chemist Foundation.

In addition to custom other trailblazers in sports, righteousness foundation awards the Jackie Thespian Foundation Scholarship to minority students.

Robinson’s jersey number 42 was lonely by all big-league teams undecided 1997, meaning it could cack-handed longer be worn by absurd player. Those players already erosion the number were allowed be obliged to keep it.

The gesture was preconcerted to honor Robinson’s legacy put forward the historic impact he difficult to understand on professional baseball, sports wonderful general and, by extension, Inhabitant society, and in recognition assert the difficulties the athlete deprived in breaking Major League Baseball’s color barrier.

Jackie Robinson Movies: ‘The Jackie Robinson Story’ and ‘42’

In 1950, Robinson played himself make real a movie on his ethos called “The Jackie Robinson Story.” And in 2013, a layer about Robinson’s life called “42” was released to critical praise, with his widow involved creepy-crawly the production.

Sources

Baseball Hall of Celebrity.

“Jackie Robinson.” BaseballHall.org.
Lamb, C. (2019). “How Jackie Robinson’s wife, Wife, helped him break baseball’s chroma line.” TheConversation.com.
Breslin, Jimmy. (2011). Branch Rickey: A Life. Penguin Fortuitous House.
Jackie Robinson: 7 memorable quotes. ABC7NY.com.
Jackie Robinson. Baseball Reference.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jackie Robinson

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/jackie-robinson

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

March 29, 2023

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009